May 14, 2007

Business Blogging Q&A

What is a blog?

A blog is an online diary based on time stamped posts or entries which appear in reverse chronological order - the most recent entry appearing at the top of the home page.

The best way to understand a blog is to look at a few. Use the links below to note some of the common characteristics: diary format of 'posts' that are time stamped, archives, use of photography, frequent posts, comments by readers, RSS 'feeds' to readers that automatically send out new posts. Blogs differ from web sites in that they have a very predictable format, making them easier to read (in general). Blogs are typically text-based but can also include photography, audio and video. Like web sites, blogs have the power to link to other blogs or other sites.

How do you blog?

You need to use blogging software either on your own computer servers or from public blogging services such as Typepad or Blogger. Using such software presents you with a simple template from which to make you posts. You can also organise group blogs that allow a group of people to share the burden of regularly posting.

What kind of style is appropriate?

The whole appeal of blogs is their personal nature. Because of their diary format they also tend toward the diary form. So they differ from tradional business writing because of their lack of formality. Consequently many use the blog form to explore and exchange ideas. This helps a blog become part of a wider 'conversation' because readers can comment and link to any postings.

Aren't there risks?

Yes. Blogs are public so the same rules of disclosure and privacy apply as with any business communications. Most firms mitigate against this by having a blogging policy and there are numerous draft policies avaiable to help you decide what to include or disclude. Nancy Flynn's book Blog Rules has a draft policy included.

Some firms are concerned about staff blogging out of working hours. John Lewis recently updated its disciplinary policy:

The serious misconduct list in the Disciplinary policy has been updated to include the following:

• Serious misuse of the Partnership’s name including making harmful comments about the Partnership (and/or those engaged with the Partnership) in the public domain

• Secret filming, recording or photographing by a Partner of other Partners and/or Partnership property without prior written permission from a manager.

Why are firms doing blogs?

A range of reasons. Firstly, there is a growing desire to communicate more directly with their audience, be it inernal or external , or both. Some communications professionals believe that modern brands must be seen as more transparent and open, and writing a blog (which encourages feedback) is an excellent way of creating a closer relationship with 'brand advocates'

Secondly, there is also a growing belief that there is an online conversation that must be joined; that it is not enough just to advertise,market and do public relations.

Thirdly, there is the issue of thought leadership. Senior members of your firm may well be leaders in their industry - a blog is an excellent way for their reputations to be enhanced.

So what is a good business blogger?

Good bloggers have a number of attributes:

  • Good concise writing on subjects of interest with regular postings
  • Linkage to other bloggers
  • Good use of photography and graphics
  • Amusing and entertaining (not essential but it all helps)
  • Informative and unique
  • Grammatically correct (a good blog is ruined by lack of good proofreading)

How do we get started?

To get started you need a basic policy that offers sensible rules that will safeguard the blogger and the company. Then it is probably best to start the blog on an internal basis first to ensure a closed readership and to iron out beginners' errors.

Some firms create a blogger advocate to drive the whole process; others select a dozen or so employees and open the floodgates - there are merits of either approach. But it is wise to assess progress of either on a monthly basis.

So should a blog have millions of readers?

No. Leave that to the mass media. A good blog should be read by a selection of its target audience - whoever that is. Once it is being regularly updated it is time to market it a little in the cheapest way possible to ensure the readership rises steadily over the months. A typical business blog with a regular readership of a thousand is doing well. A business blog written by a high profile business leader can expect tens of thousands of regular readers. Any more and it's perhaps time to publish a book.

Are there business blogging styles emerging?

Yes. Some use it as a company noticeboard others more as a look into the mind of the author. Yet others are using a group blog to offer a smorgasboard of company opinion.

What is in-house blogging?

Some firms, such as IBM, prefer to use blogs as an internal communications tool. The obvious benefit is it allows staffers to harness the power of blogging without the risk of it being read outside the organisation. Internal blogs focus on the importance of sharing ideas and using it as a tool of knowledge management.

May 11, 2007

Where are the business bloggers?

The most proactive firms in terms of blogging are, perhaps not surprisingly, in the high tech sector. They are Microsoft , Sun Microsystems, and IBM. They are characterised by an 'open' policy to blogging, meaning essentially that they encourage employees to blog using internal systems and within blogging guidelines.

The second most active sector is public relations, the most active being Edelman and Hill and Knowlton.

Beyond these sectors blogging is sprinkled lightly on the ground and there is no particular general pattern to take-up, apart from the passion and enthusiasm of certain individuals.

CEO Blogs

Jonathan Schwartz, CEO Sun. A pioneer of CEO blogging. Rating: 8/10.

Richard Edelman, CEO of PR firm Edelman - he blogs inspiringly, he podcasts, but he doesn't link much and he doesn't have a blogroll or post more than twice weekly. Rating: 7/10.

Bob Lutz - General Motors Vice Chairman Lutz was one of the first corporate bloggers. His blog is in fact co-hosted by other senior GM staffers. Rating: 8/10

David McMillan Consulting - A hotels consultant uses a blog to good effect to show thought leadership within a niche community. I particularly like his 'list of people I have met'. Rating: 9/10

Energy Matters - by Mark Todd, co-founder EnergyHotline.com. A typical blog promoting a business service but informative nevertheless. Rating: 6/10.

Shiny Media CEO - a textbook example of how to blog about current developments as a complement to press relations activity, but sadly not a frequent blog. Rating: 6/10.

English Cut - a Saville Row tailor turned his business around by become a blogging convert. You can see why. Rating: 9/10.

The Secret Pocket - A  New York dressmaker reaches out to clients in an educational and personal way. Rating: 9/10.

Industry blogs

Platts 'The Barrel' - An oil industry blog. A good example of how a blog can be used to supplement a news service. It's short bite-sized news served up with attitude.

Group Bloggers

Southwest Airlines - Now this is what I call the democracy of blogging. Intriguing insights from staff of all ranks. Rating: 9/10

Ogilvie Blog - Telecoms services firm provides friendly, chatty informative style. Rating: 7/10

Innocent Drinks - they don't even call it a blog, but rather 'daily thoughts'. Very folksy; very photographic. Rating: 8/10

Xansa - The Indian outsourcing firm gets a lead on its competitors with a friendly event-based approach. Rating: 7/10.

CapGemini's CTO blog - Four CTO experts blog informatively on all matters tech. No links. No comments and all a bit technospeak. Rating 6/10

Johnson King blog - a lively and thought-provoking blog from a well-known UK PR firm.

Lewis360 - an excellent exponent of the group blog ethic from Lewis PR.

Hill and Knowlton's Collective Community - a group blog on a mission.

Bite PR - an inside peek into the thoughts of the Bite staffers.

Business Bloggging Gurus

The Otter Group - US-based 'Enterprise 2.0' gurus - whatever that means. Rating 8/10

PR Bloggers

Blogging may not be journalism as we know it, but savvy PR firms are learning as much as they can about blogging and 'social networking' in a bid to gain increased (positive) coverage for their clients by influencing blogs and even by becoming part of the blogosphere themselves. Here are a few leading UK PR bloggers:

Drew Benvie, Lewis PR - a leading figure in the PR New Media scene. A great blog to boot.

PRblogger.com - by Stephen Davies, formerly an online guru at Edelman but now off to pastures new. Blogging for two years. Stephen is highly immersed in new media.

James Warren - driving the digital debate at Weber Shandwick

Naill Cook - Hill and Knowlton's head of online communications unit (Netcoms)

Event-based Business Blogging

Microsoft hired a blogger to cover a recent conference. It shows how bloggers can be used to create a unique record of an event for internal and external consumption.

Product-based blogging

Mobile phone firm 3 has a blog to promote its X-Series range of phones.

Useful Links

Corporate Bloggers by country

Business Blogwire - a site dedicated to exploring the issues around business blogging.

Blogging Pioneers

BoingBoing - Quirky blog celebrating the ordinary and extraordinary. Millions of readers.

Seth Godin - A marketeer reaches his audience (and promotes his books)

What is corporate blogging?

Most of the millions of blogs out there are written and maintained by individuals, but there is a growing debate about business blogging and corporate blogging.

As is clear from the post below corporates blog for many different reasons. But blogging also fits into a wider debate about social networking and the so-called Wisdom of Crowds. In essence business is starting to use blogs to tap into networked intelligence and the explore new ways of knowledge management.

Blogs also tap into the concept of the 'networked market' made up of consumer advocates and influencers. Some PR professionals also believe that blogging constitutes a new form of communication which is highly transparent and trustworthy.

Blogs are also seen as part of the social networking diaspora known as Web 2.0 and sit alongside a slew of new online technologies that are seen as transforming web communications by creating new complex networks of interlaced multimedia publications.

Why blog in business?

Once you have satisfied yourself with the nature of a blog by looking at examples and digesting the key elements, it is important to establish a motivation for blogging. Naturally your motives may be many and various:

  • internal or external communication
  • desire to join 'the online conversation'
  • need to boost internal morale
  • seek out customer advocates
  • build and manage your brand
  • establish and enhance your reputation
  • display thought leadership
  • offer credible advocacy
  • create an easily accesible support tool
  • to provide a human face
  • to establish a unique feedback loop
  • to develop PR and marketing goals
  • to enhance human resource reach

In most instances business bloggers have 2-3 aims in mind and other positive outcomes come as a side effect. What is clear is that a primary aim is useful to get started and to remain focussed. Once the blog has been started it is worth assessing if the aim is being achieved and/or whether it needs to be modified.

By far the most common reasons are that of communicating internally/externally or joining the online conversation. Bloggers are often surprised at the level of interest their blog achieves and the unique new forms of communication that ensue.

According to Backbone Media Survey the top three reasons cited are

  • Publish content and ideas
  • Promote thought leadership
  • Build a community

December 05, 2006

Web Publishing Jargon & Brands

Aggregator - website combining multiple web feeds (e.g. Google News, NewsNow)

Blog - diary format website

CMS - Content Management System, used by publishers to update and maintain websites

Commercial Blogging - Publishers who focus solely on blogging (Gawker Media, Shiny Media)

Digg - News site which lists news based on user recommendations

DRM - Digital Rights Management, technology used to protect music and other data online

Flikr - The leading photo-sharing website

Google News - Leading News Aggregation website

HTML - Hypertext Markup Language, the prre-eminent markup language used to code web pages

Keyword - word used to facilitate online search

Meta Tag - keyword(s) that aid search that appear in HTML code

MP3 - A digital audio encoding format

Multi-Platform - distributing editorial and advertising content to a range of 'platforms' (Web, Mobile etc.)

MySpace - Leading social networking website

Online Forum - a facility for holding online discussions

Page Impression - a request to load a single page of a web site

RSS Feed - News Syndication software

Social Network Website - Websites the focus on social networks of users (MySpace, Friendster etc.)

Source Code - The coding underlying a web page, located by clicking 'view' and 'source'

The Long Tail - Term used to describe the new post-dotcom economics

UGC - User Generated Content; content produced by users

Unique Users - Most common measure of website popularity

Viral Marketing - marketing using online social networks, or simply via unsolicited email

Web 2.0 - Term used to refer to the new generation of web sites (MySpace, Digg, YouTube etc.)

Webinar - Term used to describe corporate seminar video placed on web sites

XML - A markup language that allows data to be shared to many different formats

YouTube - Leading video sharing website

Print versus Online

To illustrate how online extends print brands it is useful to consider the similarities and the differences between great print and great online products.

Both are based on high quality content, great design and photography, and a distinct 'personality' that readers identify with. Where they differ is:

Print                            Online

Episodic                 24 hour
Fixed amount          Ever-expanding depth
Hard to search        Machine searchable
Stand-alone             Linkage to other assets and other content
Text/Image              Text/Image/Audio/Video
One product            Capable of personalisation
Time stamped          Aspects of near-live content
One issue                Back issues, archives
Static                      Interactive

The sheer depth, interactivity, and searchability means that the online product can extend the brand, extend the readership, and foster reader loyalty. For the moment, at least, the big advantage of the print product is its portability and visual quality - these features enable it to continue to complement the online version for some time to come.

December 04, 2006

The right stuff

Publishers are trying out many new forms of content to attract readers. Sometimes its about new forms of packaging; sometimes its a whole new form of content delivery.

Rolling News
There is little doubt that non-stop original news is a real eyeball grabber. UK tech site The Register has become Europe's leading tech news site because of its near total focus on non-stop news.

News Ticker
The ticker is increasingly being used to give a sense of real-time non-stop news delivery. To be effective it has to link to original or newswire delivered news copy. BBC News and The Guardian make good use of the ticker. But the ticker is still an emerging technology, with most sites using it guilty of using it to flag up existing stories and thus reducing its effectiveness.

Comment
The Guardian says that 10-15 per cent of its traffic now comes as a result of reader comment on blogs and Comment (its online equivalent of the op-ed column). The Guardian also tracks 'most active' comment in a fascinating real-time display of online activity.

Creative use of Video
The New York Times is using rolling video news to drive traffic to its subscription-based content. It provides four news videos at any time, and updates 2-4 every day. But blogs are pushing the envelope when it comes to dropping video into content. Techdigest.tv drops its one minute videos onto YouTube and then links them into copy.

Podcasting
For publishers it means developing radio skills; for broadcasters it's a fairly simple matter of repackaging recorded radio productions. Somewhere in the middle a new form of media is coming to life. Adam Curry is credited with inventing the podcast and is also the world's most successful independent podcaster by virtue of producing a 'podshow' that showcases other podcasts.

E-paper editions
It is unclear whether readers really want to print out mini-newspapers from their web sites, but The Telegraph is convinced that is the case, delivering an e-paper every day at 4pm. It's an intriguing blending of paper and website, that will be closely watched.

December 03, 2006

The Research

Listed in order of most recent first, here are the most significant pieces of research into online publishing:

The November 2006 Bivings Report looked at the web sites of the top 50 most circulated magazines in the US to evaluate adoption levels of new features:

- Magazines had been more effective than newspapers in adopting new features notably adopting easily digestible text and driving magazine subscriptions
- The most common online feature is RSS feeds (48 per cent)
- 28 per cent offered a selection of feeds
- 46 per cent offered a messageboard/forum with registration
- 38 per cent used partial registration for content (compared to 23 per cent for newspapers)
- 38 per cent offer one blog, 16 of those 19 sites allow comment
- 8 per cent offer a links listing
- 6 per cent use category tags

The August 2006 Bivings Report looked at the web sites of the top 100 American newspapers:

- 76 per cent offered RSS feeds
- 80 per cent offered at least one blog
- 67 per cent offered the opporunity to comment (83 per cent on blogs)
- 31 per cent offered podcasts

In July 2006 Harris Interactive conducted its yearly research into web use by 'business decision makers:

- Readership of trade magazines increased slightly (86 per cent compared to 83 per cent)
- 68 per cent visited more than seven B2B web sites in a month (same year-on-year)
- B2B web sites ranked highest for reserching new purchases (66 per cent), followed by salespeople (52 per cent), and magazines (50 per cent)

In July 2006 Deloitte published research commissioned by the Association of Online Publishers into UK trends in online publishing:

- Leading digital publishers predicted that digital revenues will be 40 per cent of the total by 2012

- Currently digital revenues are averaging 17 per cent of turnover

- 70 per cent did not perceive blogs or User Generated Content as a threat

- When asked which 'digital businesses' they admired they stated BBC (23%), Guardian (12%), Amazon (10%)

- Key qualities for success were identified as content (19%), understanding customers (16%), and infrastructure and flexibility (14%)

Web Analysis: Webtrends

Webtrends is the leading vendor of web analysis software. The software produces a wide-ranging analysis at pre-defined intervals enabling website owners to evaulate traffic patterns on their sites. The most important monthly statistics derived from such analysis includes:

- Page views
- Unique users
- Average duration of visit
- Visits per user
- International visits
- Total new users
- Most popular search sites delivering visits
- Most common search terms used
- Most popular site destinations
- Most popular downloads

Monitoring these statistics over a period of time gives a good indication of:
- Rate of increase of traffic
- Rate of increase of new users
- Rate of increase of visitor duration
- Effectiveness of keywords
- Relative importance of search sites


Case Study: The Guardian

The Guardian claims to be most progressive online national paper in the UK, a claim that while disputed, is hard to contest. The online paper continually breaks new ground and is respected worldwide as a leading example of trend-setting online journalism.

The Guardian site is ranked 369 on Alexa. This compares well with The Times (655), The Daily Telegraph (1,194),  and The FT (1,769), But BBC News is way ahead of the pack with a breath-taking ranking of 28. Perhaps most alarming for any publisher is that Google News UK is the most popular news service of all with a ranking of 20.

Health Warning: A true ranking of any site should take into account a number of features: unique visitors, page impressions, Google ranking, Hitwise/Alexa ranking.

The Guardian is the first UK paper to announce (June 2006) that it would offer a 'web first' service that would break major foreign and busines stories online in advance of in print (although it admits that it still selectively holds 'exclusives' so that they appear in print first). While The Telegraph broke the 'MIchael Grade defects to ITV' online first, like all other papers it has not stated publicly what its policy is on such matters.

But primarily The Guardian remains an exemplary case in its use of all the latest aspects of online publishing: a news 'ticker', comment/messageboards, blogging, podcasting, and soon videocasts. It also offers its content in a wide range of formats and provides extensive help to online readers found from the 'about this site' link, and deeper in on the FAQ page..